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====== Caplan & Arp: Ética Bimédica ======

Bioethics, while keenly aware of the ways in which health is shaped by climate and the environment, is focused today mainly on humans and the issues that emerge in conducting biomedical and clinical research, healthcare, and the policies that ought to govern medicine, nursing, allied health, and the related biomedical sciences (Caplan, 1992b, 1994, 1997, 1998, 2009; Jonsen et al., 2011). So, while the name “bioethics” derives from scholars seeking to create environmental ethics, the history of bioethics is actually rooted in medical ethics, a branch of applied ethics concerned with the practice of medicine and healthcare (Ramsey, 1970; Katz, 1984; Veatch, 1989, 2011; Pellegrino, 2008; Kuhse & Singer, 2009; Pence, 2010). Given the close connection between bioethics and medical ethics, some refer to the discipline as biomedical ethics (Beauchamp & Childress, 1979/2009; also Glannon, 2004; Mappes & DeGrazia, 2005). (p. 2)